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North and Central America: Ciudad Veracruz, Mexico to northern Belize. At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
2.8
, range 1 - 4.2 cm
Max length : 4.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
57749
); 6.0 cm TL (female); common length : 2.4 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
12193
)
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 8-10. Distinct line of black pigment midventrally on caudal peduncle absent. Greatest body depth about 2 times in SL. Ventral rays of caudal fin of males not elongated into a sword. Male gonopodium falling short of caudal fin base, without a membranous protuberance, third ray with a strong hook (Ref.
30499
).
Adults occur in warm springs, canals and ditches with typically slow-moving water, silt bottoms and weedy banks (Refs. 5723; 44091,
44894
). Also inhabit creeks and swamps (Ref.
44894
). Feed on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter (Refs. 7020; 44091). Used for genetic research (Ref.
4537
). Several color varieties are popular aquarium fishes, where they attain sexual maturity after 3-4 months and reproduce easily (Ref.
1672
). Aquarium keeping: minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref.
51539
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
After 24 to 30 days gestation, 20 to 80 young are born (Ref 7020).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00456 - 0.02295), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.2 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm<1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Laguna, Philippines
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